References

Foster, F. Gordon.  Ferns to Know and Grow.  Portland, OR:  Timber Press 1998

Mickel, John T.  Ferns for American Gardens.  New York, NY:  Macmillan Publishing Company 1994

Pojar, Jim and Andy MacKinnon.  Plants of the Pacific Northwest Coast.  Renton, WA:  Lone Pine Publishing 1994

Lellinger, David B.  A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada.  Washington DC:  Smithsonian Institution 1985

Gunther, Erna.  Ethnobotany of Western Washington.  Seattle, WA:  University of Washington Press 1992

http://www.angelfire.com/wa/margate/treefernspage.html

Flora of North America.  New York, NY: Oxford University Press,1993